Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

general Lupus Erythematosus - Essay ExampleHowever, the disease epidemiology is incompletely understood (Rahman & Isenberg, 2008). The disease shoots the production of IgG autoantibodies that are proper(postnominal) for self-antigens including DNA, nuclear proteins as well as cytoplasmic components. The disease, therefore, is characterized by inflammation, vasculitis, vasculopathy. Further, a deposition of the immune thickening especially in the renal glomeruli leads to a systemic inflammatory response through activation of musical accompaniment (C5), or of FcgammaR-mediated neutrophil and macrophages. While the activation of former leads to the formation of membrane attack complexes (C5b-9) or anaphylatoxin and cell activator C5a that of latter causes release of oxidants and proteases both leading to injury (KEGG, 2009). The mechanism of the disease development has been proposed to involve an abnormal apoptosis followed by elevated levels of cell death and immune intolerance. C ellular antigen redistribution to the cell uprise coupled with lymphocytes targeting them leads to injury and inflammation (Andrade et al., 2000). Treatment Diagnosis of disseminated lupus erythematosus is based on the detection of last levels of antinuclear and other antibodies in the blood along with symptoms of systemic lupus erythematosus. The techniques used for the detection include urinalysis, CBC, ESR, complement levels, ANA (antinuclear antibody test) and other antibody tests, jumble and kidney biopsy along with quarterly follow-ups. The treatment involves control of disease symptoms and is determined by the severity of the symptoms. Acute SLE involving CNS, cardiovascular and renal diseases are treated with lofty doses of intravenous steroids and cytotoxic therapy involving corticosteroids, immunosuppressives, antimalarials, and antipsychotic medication (DCruz, 2006). candidate Early detection is the key factor in the improved prognosis of SLE. Prognosis in knockout cases to has shown marked improvement during the recent years as a consequence of aggressive treatments available. Common complications associated with SLE include deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, hemolytic anemia, pericarditis, endocarditis, myocarditis etc (Makover, 2011). Health Disparity SLE exhibits high correlation with women of childbearing age and therefore has been associated with exogenous hormone intake (Costenbader et al., 2007). Lower socioeconomic place further has been linked to higher disease prevalence as well as resultant mortality. prevalence and Epidemiology The National Arthritis Data Working Group reports that approximately 250,000 Americans have SLE, the worldwide prevalence rates digress with race, being higher in people with African and Asian origins. The disease is more common in the female sex and in individuals within the age group of 20-40yrs. (DCruz, 2006).